I really like your formulation of the issue. I am currently in a tough spot where I'm not recognised and rewarded, and after some reflection I had two choices: either I slow down to the level of everyone else, or I find somewhere else to work. I chose the latter, based on the perspective you describe here. For me, life is too short to waste it at half-power most of the day, and I actually feel bad when not working hard. Working only enough to pay the bills is probably more sane, but I cannot do it. The challenge now, of course, is to find somewhere where this attitude is adaptive.
(I am the person you're responding to.) I think your attitude is right and will pay you in the medium or long term if not immediately. You can't control what you can't control but you CAN control a lot - how you work, how you look for job, etc. You'll be fine!