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It's called title case and for as far as I'm aware this is a uniquely American thing.


German capitalizes all nouns, not just then proper ones, so missing title case doesn't change much.


But surely it'll help in this case, where an article is being published in English and being shared on an English language forum.


Fair.


It’s from newspaper headlines - using lower case starts to words looks really weird when the word is an inch plus tall on the paper.


That's just because you're not used to that, many European languages don't have title case and newspapers still look perfectly okay.


Eh, spent plenty of time outside the US. It always looks a little odd when that isn’t followed [https://www.pinterest.com/widget34/french-signs/] [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_signs_in_Spain]

After all, which is clearer and easier to read - aeropuerto (road sign in spain) [https://images.app.goo.gl/iRcmkxvYX3hxLG59A] or Aeropuerto (road sign in Chile) [https://images.app.goo.gl/xcME6HEb4r1AnGS16].

Even more fun when for instance Spain doesn’t follow that consistently![https://images.app.goo.gl/P7cpegHC2unMsfJy7].

Talk about a typesetters nightmare. Still, better than India where a lot of signage is still done by hand.


The last two images you linked to are fake, and clearly designed by someone who doesn’t know Spanish and has never been to either Chile or Spain. No signs look like that in either country.

Nobody would dare capitalise “de” in Santiago de Chile for instance.


Confirming, the image linked by grandparent is tagged as 3d illustration on shutterstock[1]. A similar illustration with lowercase “de” spelling exists too[2]. Actual road signs in Chile have lowercase “de”[3].

[1]: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-illustration/santiago-chi...

[2]: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-illustration/santiago-de-...

[3]: https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CARRETERA_COSTERA_...


> After all, which is clearer and easier to read

Clear and easy to read is the one that you expect to read, which depends on your previous experience.


It's like when Americans insist that fahrenheit is more "intuitive" since it's what they have experience with.


Well the one thing I do like about Fahrenheit is that it puts the average range of temperatures I experience on nice and tidy 0-100 scale.


I could say the same about Celsius as a person who enjoys tea, hot showers and looking at CPU temperature every now and then.


Your last two links are fake. And you can check on your own Wikipedia link that for Spain's direction signs, only proper nouns are capitalized: full uppercase on conventional roads for historical reasons, otherwise the usual capitalization rules such as on highways or town roads. Whereas full lowercase is reserved for service directions (e.g. service road, airport, hospital, beach). The exceptional capitalized service directions are really old town signs.


So UI designers prioritize form over function as always


Bitcoins in practice are not truly limited. The amount of gold on earth is not likely to change much, despite the efforts of alchemists in the past. However, new bitcoins (with new limited supplies) are introduced all the time.


How so? Isn't 21 mil BTC defntive?


21 mil BTC is set. But how many new BTC alternatives have been launched since?


So?


What exactly is so bad about Finder? I've never had any issues with it.


Things that are hard: launching a terminal at a location, viewing or copying a files path, navigating a deep file system, column width in the column view, searching for files, finding file info, and lots of other.


> launching a terminal at a location

Right-click on directory > Services > New Terminal at Folder.

> viewing or copying a files path

Right-click on directory or file and press Option > Copy "<filename>" as path name.

> navigating a deep file system

Not sure what you mean.

> column width in the column view

Option + click & Drag. Or do you want them to adjust to files/folders name length?

> searching for files

What's wrong with Command + F?

> finding file info

Do you want more than what is shown by Command + I or in the "details" column?


> Right-click on directory > Services > New Terminal at Folder.

Note that you can also bind a hotkey to this! And in general in macOS, you can a bind to a hotkey to any menu item in any application.

Search "keyboard shortcuts" in settings, then under Services -> Files and Folders.


except Excel's ribbon menu items. As far as I know there's no method to hotkey those like ALT+[<letter>] on windows. Same for Outlook's categorize email function.


That's because Microsoft has never used Apple's SDKs for their window widgets...


Those are not "menu items" as generally understood in macOS.


To add to this:

cdf: aliased to cd "$(pfd)"

Doesn't really open a new Terminal, but usually, that's not what I want to happen anyway.


pfd is not standard and is doing all the work---what is it?


In the column view, adjusting to the file/folder name length is easy. Just double click on the column divider.


With the Alt key, that adjusts the width of all columns.


> searching for files

Erm, what ?

I use Mac, Windows, Linux and BSD daily.

Of all four, searching for files on a Mac is a dream.

Apple Spotlight is and always has been lightyears ahead of whatever garbage Microsoft use on Windows.

And don't get me started on the inconvenience of searching for files on Linux or BSD, I mean, for starters you have to download a non-default tool like `fd` if you want to search at any reasonable speed.


This just tells me you've never used they only file search dream - Everything search, unfortunately Windows only. Spotlight has never come close to that


> Everything

I was going to say Everything was awesome as a file searcher except for its non-easily searchable name.

But when I checked in a raw Edge instance it was in fact the first result. Ho hum.

It's produced by Voidtools in case YMMV: https://www.voidtools.com/downloads/


> Apple Spotlight is and always has been lightyears ahead of whatever garbage Microsoft use on Windows.

I certainly agree on that, and I also find it more convenient than the desktop search options I’ve tried on Linux (there I usually drop to the command line to search).

But despite really wanting to like Spotlight, e.g. its integration with Apple Mail with email previews is great, I find it unusable for heavy work. I’ve tried customizing it to disable lots of search backends that I don’t need, but still for reasons I don’t understand, it sometimes takes 5+ seconds to process my search results before showing anything, and even the average search often takes a second and is not well-sorted.

In comparison, Alfred is always instant at searching on my computer, and I really prefer how you can explicitly tell it what you are searching for (e.g. `'filename`, `in file contents`, `=math`, etc.) whereas Spotlight tries to guess this and often guesses wrong. It’s also easier to customize if you want to integrate e.g. specific web searches in it.

I’ve tried Raycast since lots of people praise it, but I still find Alfred to have a nicer and more responsive interface, but perhaps it’s just what I’m used to.


I think something is wrong with your Spotlight index if it takes that long. Recently something went a bit funny with my Spotlight that made it take as long as you're describing, but after a reboot it's pretty instantaneous as usual. I work with large numbers of files (tens of thousands per project, with about 40-50 projects) so I don't think it can be that. I'm pretty sure there are ways to rebuild your Spotlight index.

I haven't come across issues with ordering, but my use cases are usually pretty simple, so that might be down to a difference in our workflows.


I agree with OP, searching for files is awful. Many times it doesn't find a file I know it is inside a subdirectory of where I am right now.

Things got much better when I moved from Spotlight to Raycast.


Searching on my Mac's SSD is great.

Searching on my SMB network share doesn't work. At all. It's not just that Spotlight won't index it. It's that you can't even search by filename within the current folder you're viewing.


> launching a terminal at a location

A workaround for this (especially if you have a terminal always open) is to drag the file/folder you want to operate on into an open terminal window, which will paste in its path.


This is what I do as well. Note that nearly every MacOS app shows a file or folder icon in its title bar if you hover the mouse over it – this icon can be dragged into a terminal to open the current file or folder there. Also useful if I e.g. want to grep something in a currently open text file in the terminal, or something like that.

(There is a system setting to always show this in the title bar without hovering, which was the old default behavior before Big Sur if I recall correctly. I’m a bit annoyed that it’s now hidden away by default.)


Also, remember the commands pbcopy and pbpaste which along with pipes allow one to do a myriad of tasks.


At least it has a column view.


- Awkward sorting by name (mixing folders and files), unless you change the default

- Does not snap files to a grid by default on icon view, leaving some folders looking like a mess

- Not possible to figure out what's the exact path of the open folder - I just want a full path in the header/title bar. Or let me copy the full path without having to open "get info"


> I just want a full path in the header/title bar

Apart from the Path bar in the bottom, there is also an old school title bar method:

  defaults write com.apple.finder _FXShowPosixPathInTitle -bool true
  killall Finder
("false" for reversing it.)

It doesn’t work for great for tabs, though, because tabs are short and paths are long.

> Or let me copy the full path …

There are some alternative fun and old methods:

* If you're hovering over the title bar of a finder window there is a little folder icon, the so-called proxy icon which gives access to the current folder. One can drag and drop it and it moves the folder. Dragging a folder or the proxy icon on the Dock icon of Terminal or iTerm opens a new window with the working directory directly set to the folder. But dragged into a text field you're getting the text path. Right click gives you a dropdown for navigation in the current folders path.

The proxy icon was stable in Finder until recently, now you need to hover. But you can re-activate the permanent display of the proxy icon under System Settings → Accessibility → Display, I think.

* MacOS has, since the Next days, the concept of Services. Services are little actions which the System and (good) Apps can provide to do something with with something. Services are found in the context menu or the App menu. If you're right clicking on a folder (sadly not the proxy icon), there are Service Actions by Terminal and iTerm for opening a window or tab for a selected folder.

* AppleScript:

  tell application "Finder"
      if exists window 1 then
          set currentDir to POSIX path of ((target of front Finder window) as text)
      else
          set currentDir to POSIX path of (path to desktop folder)
      end if
      set the clipboard to currentDir
  end tell
It works in Script Editor at least. I'm not an AppleScript expert.

But you can use AppleScript everywhere in MacOS. The Script-Menu, as an own App, as an Automator action or a Shortcut, you can give those hotkeys, possible use them in Alfred or Raycast, etc.

Apart from the syntax it will be a sad day, if Apple retires the AppleScript architecture.


A few years ago I found+installed a small, simple Service to run "touch" on a file, but it broke a few OS upgrades ago. Anyone got a replacement ?


Once there was a nice app called ThisService which could convert shell scripts into services, but it is not developed anymore.

The modern equivalent is "Run Shell Script" in Shortcuts or maybe Automator. Shortcuts has the advantage that you can use your shortcut directly in Quick Actions in Finder's context menu.

I played around a minute and created this but I'm not a Shortcuts expert.

https://www.icloud.com/shortcuts/5898ff4c3f2e49ff8ec6bff4013...

One insane caveat: For this to work you'll need to grant Finder Full Disc Access in System Settings → Security. Yes, it sounds insane. It is. But it works.


Guess what! In the security dialog, when I get a file picker to pick the app, Finder is not in the list !


Oh, and you can drag app icons into the Finder symbol bar. Possibly an App made from that AppleScript. Not tested.


Thanks for the tips. The defaults command worked well for my needs.


Sounds like you want "Show Path Bar" (in the View menu), though it lives at the bottom of the window not in the header.

The sorting by name criticism is a weird one to me though. You want it to not sort by name when you tell it to sort by name, and instead sort by file vs folder and then within those two groups sort by name?


I should have paid more attention to the menu bar. Show Path Bar helps with my needs.

For sorting I want it to sort like File Explorer or Dophin. So folders on top (sorted by name), then files (sorted by name). It works if I change Settings > Advanced > Keep folders on top.


Sorting folders seperately is definitely a personal preference thing. This behavior drives me nuts in Explorer and Linux file managers.

I’d support this being an option in the View menu or View Options palette, but I think I would lose my mind if this behavior were made default with no way to turn it off.


Same, honestly. I find it very pleasant to use. Especially compared to a lot of Linux file browsers


It never seems to receive focus when I'm expecting it to


I am not at all familiar with the US system. How come there is a $3500 donation limit to politicians, but the tech billionaires have donated hundreds of millions to the inauguration fund?


The inauguration fund is not used to get someone elected. Different accounts with different rules.


I would like to know, what are some things that you could use this for?

This seems like a very powerful dataset.


Is the useSkin parameter something you manually added? I am not logged in and when I navigate to another page the parameter (and with it the skin preference) disappears.


Oh sorry, yes I have a browser extension that always adds that parameter to any wikipedia page. I usually strip it when posting a link, but I forgot (and since it's a long link, it doesn't display in its entirety so I didn't catch it).


I just discovered that feature due to your mistake, so thank you!

For similarly newly enlightened people it's a feature of MediaWiki (which Wikipedia runs on) and there are five (plus two) themes selectable with ?useskin= values:

- timeless (as seen above): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin?useskin=timeles...

- monobook (default 2004-2009): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin?useskin=monoboo...

- vector (default 2010-2021): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin?useskin=vector

- vector-2022 (desktop default 2022-): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin?useskin=vector-...

- minerva (mobile default): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin?useskin=minerva

- modern (delightedly dated, deprecated): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin?useskin=modern

- cologneblue (also ancient and anti-favored): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin?useskin=cologne...


You can also choose a preferred skin when you log in and go to Preferences → Appearance.


That makes sense! I can see why you would prefer that skin. Out of curiosity, why use a plugin and not Wikipedia's appearance preferences[1]?

1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsec...


IIRC that requires having an account and being logged in, or maybe it just required a persistent cookie to remember the preference. Either way, my browser still aggressively clears cookies on exit so this solution was more permanent for me than the official solution.


I understand that defining advertising is hard, but "1 : a public notice" is so broad as to be almost meaningless as a definition.


I personally don't find it that vague, but that might be my non-English bias.


It leaves a lot unsaid. Advertising has a lot of connotations and cultural significance. It can evoke strong feelings for one and be a livelihood for another. Simply stating that an advertisement is 'a public notice' doesn't do it justice.

I understand that dictionaries are not encyclopedias, but a little more is warranted IMO.


Reading the article, it doesn't seem so.

The drug looks promising, even though it will probably not work in all cases.


I disagree. This article is typical embellishment from the university that produced the research. The reality is that they're likely pre-trial stage. Even if they make it through all stages of clinical trials (historically, chances of a drug candidate doing that are 2-5%), that usually takes the better part of a decade. So the answer is "no, we're very far from curing it".


They're at phase 2a trial stage, study start was at 2024-06-05, completion estimated 2025-12:

https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06393452?term=pp405&rank...


Imagine reading "one-second(th?) of all women". It seems absolutely ridiculous.

Yet "one-third" or "one-fifth" are perfectly normal. Language is weird and I like that.


I'm sure there is a historical reason we have "half" and "quarter" and no others but it's not my area of expertise but still, not using them when they're appropriate just seems...odd.


We do have others. You might be familiar with an octave, which is 1/8, or a decimal which is 1/10.


Markdown being so ubiquitous is what makes it valuable, IMO. Do you think AsciiDoc has the potential to reach that point as well?


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