I think the associations are learned but not the feelings are learned.

Like some people feel great joy when an American flag burns while others feel upset.

If you accidentally delete a friends hard drive you'll feel sad but if you were intentionally sabotaging a company you'll feel proud at the success.

i.e. joy and happiness are innate not learned.

See how clinical socio- and psychopaths behave. They only emulate feelings (particularly when it's convenient for them) but they don't have the capacity to feel in their brain. The same is true for LLMs.

This is a hollywood level pop-science view. Real people are vastly more complicated and do in fact feel things, even if it's not a "normal" way.