I don’t know about tires, but for brakes we already know how to make lower dust brakes - use drum brakes instead of disc brakes. The friction material is enclosed on drum brakes so much less of it just flies away.
There's also EVs that generally do most of their braking on the regenerative whatsit, which causes no wear on the brake pads. A lot of it can be prevented by education / driving style, and improving road designs to allow for smooth driving.
If you look at what cars of this type are produced and who drives them, it quickly becomes clear where the road is heading.
Huge off-road vehicles, albeit with electric drive, are missing the mark.
These things are advertised with sporty performance, comfort and so on.
In my opinion, energy is being thrown out the window to satisfy the ego of the buyer.
These people are buying themselves a clear conscience.
Even if the cars are electric, where can they be charged?
Not everyone lives in the houses you see in the advertisements.
Not everyone can just go into debt for something like this.
I drive an economical petrol car with 200k kilometers on the clock.
I don't need to produce anything new or use any rare earths or energy.
Even with electric cars, the plastic for the door panels has to be made from crude oil.
The cost of installing all the electronics is also high.
I drive this car until I can't drive any more, I mostly use public transport, but sometimes I have to use the car for the weekly shop.
I'm also staying in the city because I'm getting older and I'm dependent on doctors and markets, at the moment I work outside the city, like many others, and people just need a car to park here.
Not everyone has the same life as others.
Pretty much every EV does regenerative baking, because it (greatly) extends range. Even hybrids have done this since the very earliest mass-market models (the 1997 Prius has it). EV brakes see a lot less wear and tear than ICE brakes.
Drum brakes are way more prone to fail, the heat cant be transported away, the dust still is produced and the brake power, the law requires, is way to little.
If we switch fully to trams and buses, they produce the dust amount of lets say 100 cars. If the public transportation should be capable of all inhabitants of a city, we would have up to 200 trams running every day and night.
Who should be a tram driver? Most of the younger folks dont want to work shift or at weekends and night.
My town has drivers with grey beards, between 50-60 years old. There are no younger applicants for that job so they drive even if retired to keep up the demand.
They got paid extra which making tickets more expensive.
