I think you underestimate both the value and importance of individual action by users.
The best tools for preventing tragedies of the commons are collective and individual desire to do so.
Taking action and paying personal costs are incredibly important.
On the flip side, it is extremely difficult to force change top down without people willing to lead by example.
Looks at any place with nice commons and they are maintained though widespread desire to do so by individuals. Japan isn't free a litter due to harsh fines, regulatory action, and policing.
The best tools for preventing tragedies of the commons are collective and individual desire to do so. Taking action and paying personal costs are incredibly important.
On the flip side, it is extremely difficult to force change top down without people willing to lead by example.
Looks at any place with nice commons and they are maintained though widespread desire to do so by individuals. Japan isn't free a litter due to harsh fines, regulatory action, and policing.