That's Spanish, but wouldn't it be better to use the more common lanugage, Tagalog, to render it "hukuman ng Pilipinas"? If one were to insist in talking about foreign courts in foreign languages, rather than the language of the readers.

Or... greek? That's the origin language of the name, after all. The Philippines were named after king Philip of Spain. Spellings vary.

Regardless, English remains an official language of the nation. Surely using English spellings in English language writing is OK officially?

No, it's English for talking about the Philippines and its inhabitants.

But what if it is a court, not a male or female person?

Still maybe better to say "Court in Philippines..."

Even better use the actual court name: "Philippine Court of Appeals revokes sale permit of GM crop Golden Rice"

The correct spelling is in the linked article:

  What a Philippine court ruling means for 
  transgenic Golden Rice, once hailed as a 
  dietary breakthrough

My comment was an appeal to just copy the actual link title. Perhaps people who did not click through and see the actual title are downvoting for some strange reason.

The quoted title should be as close to the original as possible, within the HN title size limit, and should certainly copy correctly spelled words.

It's probably because it's a pedantipoint, more than anything else. The more important thing is the title is rewritten badly not just in spelling and grammar (a court can ban the cultivation or growing of something, not its 'growth') but in meaning (court revoked a previously granted license). But either way, if you think the title needs fixing, just email hn@ycombinator.com and the mods will likely sort it out.