Regen has limitations in how quickly the power can be stored which limits the braking rate. Also, when the battery is fully charged there is no place to put the electricity which also limits regen braking.
Most EVs blend regen into the brakes so that when you press on the brake pedal it uses regen for normal braking down to about 10mph at which point the friction brakes take over. At low speeds regen is ineffective. That low speed use of friction brakes produces very little wear and very little particulate output.
Those EVs doing blending will also switch entirely to friction braking if you really stomp on the brake pedal in an emergency stop as you can stop more quickly than any regen system. In those cases the priority is stopping quickly regardless of energy efficiency or particulates.
I don’t see a likely hood that EVs will completely get rid of friction brakes using current/near term technology.
Most EVs blend regen into the brakes so that when you press on the brake pedal it uses regen for normal braking down to about 10mph at which point the friction brakes take over. At low speeds regen is ineffective. That low speed use of friction brakes produces very little wear and very little particulate output.
Those EVs doing blending will also switch entirely to friction braking if you really stomp on the brake pedal in an emergency stop as you can stop more quickly than any regen system. In those cases the priority is stopping quickly regardless of energy efficiency or particulates.
I don’t see a likely hood that EVs will completely get rid of friction brakes using current/near term technology.