None of them are monopolies. The EU will eventually be 'looking at' corner stores. If it becomes too costly to operate in the EU, multinationals will eventually leave.
Maybe someone in Europe will invent another cloudflare, github etc. They do have Telegram to replace WhatsApp.
They are monopolistic. If I want to buy Coke, I can go to nearly any store. I don't need to only go to one store.
If I want to interact with an open source project on Github, then I have to go to Github. I can't choose to go to sourcehut or bitbucket to interact with that project.
If github was just another git server (aka just another store) and I could go to any store to get coke (aka open source project), then it wouldn't matter. But it's not just another store or interface.
The combination of git being an open protocol, and open source licensing (as it's meant to be) means that you can definitely fork and re-host many projects on Github. The issues that practically stop you from doing this aren't actually the fault of Github. I'm not trying to defend Github here, but it's not the best example you could have chosen.
What open source project uses multiple DVCS repositories (e.g. bitbucket, github, sourceforge, sourcehut, etc) for one project in sync with each other? I haven't found a single one that does that.
And that's before we start talking about tickets and discussions, pull requests, wiki and documentation, etc.
> What open source project uses multiple DVCS repositories (e.g. bitbucket, github, sourceforge, sourcehut, etc) for one project in sync with each other? I haven't found a single one that does that.
There are some that have official mirrors on GitHub and perhaps even accept pull request here. But I think that only reinfoces the notion that GitHub is an effective monopoly.
The product github supplies is a 'service', project hosting. There are multiple providers of that service. Github is not a supplier of the software projects themselves any more than the telco is a provider of conversation or S3 is a supplier of Netflix movies.