US taxes are already complicated, in large part due to the effort to build incentives and disincentives in the way that you describe. And yet the process to build the existing incentives is inescapably political, and for good reason: if you impose a significant change to taxation, there are winners and losers on day 1. Nobody likes to lose, especially if they feel they are doing nothing wrong.

For your specific idea, the red/blue political map shows you who will probably lose.