They could take the dispute to the UN internet court for domain names, whatever it's called. I can't see why that would apply only to the TLDs that existed 20 years ago.
You’re thinking of WIPO, perhaps? IIUC, they can’t interfere in the affairs of a ccTLD registry unless invited to do so. So if the Colombian authorities says you lose your domain to some local Colombian outfit, then you lose.
I was thinking of WIPO, and that's interesting that they have to be invited. I guess someone could always establish a cheap LLC there if they really wanted protection.
