edit: Downvotes ahoy! I'm just relaying the information I found when searching. On the Anroid-DLS wiki, it gives a very generic "based on webkit" answer, so that doesn't say much one way or t'other.
It's WebKit, but so is Chrome. "Safari" is merely in the user-agent string for mobile website compatibility. Nothing about it is really Safari related.
Chrome will be coming to Android soon as per the notes made by the Chrome team in the last month.
