You mentioned that you got to work with Rust. Is the critical boss an opponent of using the language for projects? The issue could be political and have nothing to do with you. Another thing worth noting is that this can be a manipulation tactic of lighting a fire under your ass to get more out of you (churn and burn). Again, it has everything to do with you working even harder than you have going forward. Finally, this discussion with you can be your performance review that is held against you when cuts come. They may already be coming and they already decided who should go, and this discussion was necessary for legal reasons.
Your code, if it works and has been tested, is already better than what could have been written in many other languages. You will learn software design and architecture with experience. It will come in time. Keep investing effort to learn how others design and your work will improve.
You should proceed by working your ass off and keep doing what your doing. Computer vision and Rust? Get it all while you can. Whatever hard work you put in will pay itself forward. Either you'll quit on your own or be cut and have done everything you can to prepare for your next job. It's a win/win situation for you.
Your code, if it works and has been tested, is already better than what could have been written in many other languages. You will learn software design and architecture with experience. It will come in time. Keep investing effort to learn how others design and your work will improve.
You should proceed by working your ass off and keep doing what your doing. Computer vision and Rust? Get it all while you can. Whatever hard work you put in will pay itself forward. Either you'll quit on your own or be cut and have done everything you can to prepare for your next job. It's a win/win situation for you.
Keep going.