I think the main difference is that it's not hard to get approximate detection methods working with some high school geometry(and for games with simple physical behavior, you can usually stop at those) but finding any kind of approximate solution to collision response is not something students are ordinarily given any theoretical background in until undergraduate education, and then mostly indirectly through calculus, not crossing into the general CS classes where it would directly connect.

If you study physics specifically and are plugged into the theory driving iterative solvers, or perhaps you study math and spot the connection between constraint problems generally and the specific case of collision, you can find your way to answers about engineering satisfying non-realistic behaviors, but that's describing a subset of game programmers. Many still stumble through a sea of hacks and reliance on libraries because the conceptual knowledge hasn't been directed at them.