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> one of the biggest drawbacks to free trade is the loss of skills.

The Economics jargon is "real option value". When you have engineers making widgets of type A, it's easy to get them to make types B, C, and D should the need arise. This potential to do other things has real value even if in fact you never do them.

Real option value should always be evaluated when choosing a course of action, but since it's about non-existent things, it's usually skipped. (Edit: calling it "real" must be economist humor.)

Ricardo didn't know about, or chose to ignore, real option value. In the classic England = cloth, Portugal = wine trade, Portugal would be better off making cloth because of real option value.




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