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Both BGV and CKKS are so called batched schemes, which allows you to pack multiple values into a single ciphertext (typically thousands) and perform operations on all of the values for the cost of a single homomorphic operation. Batching is one of the larger sources of speedup since the discovery of fully homomorphic encryption.

The values in BGV and CKKS are integers and both schemes allow homomorphic integer multiplication and addition (CKKS gives approximate results). TFHE is actually not a batched scheme and moreover operates mostly on the level of single bits and boolean gate operations. It is quite difficult to directly compare TFHE with batched integer schemes.

Which scheme is best will ultimately depend a lot on the requirements of the application. If you're operating on integers and don't need bitwise operations, then an integer scheme is appropriate. Applications that need bitwise logic and can work with small bitwidths will be more suited for TFHE. CKKS is especially good for numeric and machine learning applications, because the approximation it implies can be managed and it allows using faster encryption parameters than BGV/BFV would.




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