One of the big points in the book: at many human organizations trust/openness is the last thing resolved. And most people think openness is scary because it means being yelled at or leaving oneself open to be screwed somehow. There can't be openness unless there is safety ... Hence the ray dalio quote (and this comes many many variations by many people): working is doing dumb ass things you wouldn't be caught dead doing at one's own company. There's tons of ineffective labor -- people know better -- but won't say it because they are afraid about being screwed.