I only learned math up to maybe the level of a decent BA student but I feel like when you take a math course you learn how to “do a trick” (pass the exam) and then actually learn the material when you take the next course, where you need to figure out which parts of your last class you apply to “do the trick” in the current class.

So my question is what level of calculus is retained, and if students who take calculus then advanced calculus or introductory analysis or whatever you’d call it retain more.