I think one of the best counterexamples is The Jabberwocky by Lewis Carroll. If names (and more generally English words) conveyed no meaning on their own and were simply keys in a large fuzzy hash table, the poem would be completely opaque. However, despite the fact that almost every word in it is made-up (new, never a be foreseen keys), I'd argue that most English speakers, after reading the poem, would have a reasonably common understanding of what "slithy" meant or what a "borogrove" was.
If names fit well with what a person already knows, they can aid memory and even impart understanding. If names are poorly chosen they can instead confuse.
Even more impressively, the poem is also sometimes used (untranslated) in classes teaching English as a second language. So you don't need to be a native speaker to intuit the intended meaning.
If names fit well with what a person already knows, they can aid memory and even impart understanding. If names are poorly chosen they can instead confuse.