Should be technically possible to have ”these numbers can originate from this operator”. I’ve learned that if a phone looks to be from my area code, it’s actually from China. No idea what the robocaller is saying.
My operator should be able to have a short list of teleoperators in this zip code, and drop other calls.
I've had the same phone number for over 20 years now, since LNP became a thing I've moved it a couple of times to different providers. Most recently I've parked it with a non-local voip provider which gives me a great deal of flexibility. It sounds like under your proposal no one would receive my calls?
No matter what solution is proposed, there's always a subset of people who depend on that very behavior (see https://xkcd.com/1172/ ).
I think no-one receiving calls from parked non-local voip numbers would be an acceptable price to pay for the elimination of voip spam. You are free to disagree, tech is all about making compromises.
Incidentally, this quickly follows the path we took with SMTP. I can no longer telnet into a random SMTP server and dump incoming mail, which no doubt ruined the carefully honed scripts of many sysadmins.
Something that helps is having an "undesirable" area code.
Telemarketers have learned that certain area codes convert at much higher rates than others. 202, 203, 212, 213 are prime targets. 242, 246, 406 and 701? Notsomuch.
If your NPA isn't important to you, get a number in those areas. (Some carriers will let you choose your area code as long as you're within the same billing center.)
I'm feeling very grateful for sticking with the same phone number I've had since high school in rural Minnesota. 100% of numbers I receive from "my" area code that aren't my mother, are spam. :)
My operator should be able to have a short list of teleoperators in this zip code, and drop other calls.