For AMD chips, yes. Yesterday Microsoft announced they were suspending rolling out updates to certain AMD chips because it was resulting in non-bootable systems. I didn't read the technical details so I can not say whether it was specifically BIOS-related. Both a total non-booting state and BSODs were mentioned in the article I saw (from general press, so might have been garbage, sorry).
Microsoft's claim was "Microsoft has determined that some AMD chipsets do not conform to the documentation previously provided to Microsoft to develop the Windows operating system mitigations to protect against the chipset vulnerabilities known as Spectre and Meltdown"[1], and their docs simply suggest asking AMD for more details[2].
So it sounds like it was probably specific chipsets and not CPUs, but who knows.
It happened to one of my HP boxes that has an AMD chipset. After installing the update, windows 10 just hangs at the blue windows logo. Only solution is to turn the machine off and on twice, which then results in it undoing the update.
The Microsoft link you provide says "Microsoft is working with AMD to resolve this issue", so they're not just brushing it off and telling customers to contact AMD.
