Recouping costs is different from charge through the nose for international traffic.
Yesterday, that traffic typically was priced at euros per _mega_byte, starting at the first bit transferred; starting today that's at most €7.70 + VAT per _giga_byte, starting after you have used your (fairly generous) fair use allotment, going down to €2,50 per gigabyte in the coming years.
Naturally, countries who see many tourists heavily opposed this change and lobbied to keep the maximum price that the EU now has set high.
If they have no way to recoup the additional cost of all the incoming visitors, then they can't invest in expanding infrastructure.
It's probably a pretty limited scenario though.