His article says that the answer is in the 4th result, the first that actually includes both of his search terms. But if you read that article, it's actually saying that Twitter's app has no retina support, and Deluge is mentioned elsewhere on the page, with nothing about retina support.
I don't think that Google accepts +term any longer. They switched several years ago to requiring "term" with quotes. Presumably this was because they wanted to make searches for Google+ names easier. For a while I think they gave a warning, but it seems like they've stopped doing that now.
Edit: Wait, you work for Google, right? Am I the one that's lost? Did they switch back to supporting +term?
Yeah, in my experience the problem is not about Google ignoring search keywords. It is just that their recent updates made it much less apparent that what I'm looking for is not in their index. Their new algorithm seems to drop keywords until it can show me some results that are barely relevant and makes me think that I have to keep tweaking my keywords until I can find what I'm looking for, even if it doesn't exist on the web.
I agree that the lack of a clear "no pages matched your query" is large part of the problem. And as your phrasing indicates, it's also worth distinguishing between "not in their index" and "doesn't exist on the web". Google has a very large corpus, but doesn't include everything.
https://www.google.com/search?q=deluge.app+%2Bretina
Or in verbatim mode:
https://www.google.com/search?q=deluge.app+retina&tbs=li:1
His article says that the answer is in the 4th result, the first that actually includes both of his search terms. But if you read that article, it's actually saying that Twitter's app has no retina support, and Deluge is mentioned elsewhere on the page, with nothing about retina support.