If exposed to weather it is an automatic fail. Sorry, that is just how it works. From any transportation alternative that is no enclosed it always comes down to comfort. One day it is too hot, another too cold, or too wet, and on and on, until the excuse is no longer needed as the alternative mode is parked.
So any bicycle or pedestrian friendly environment needs weather protection as part of its design. It does not need be fully enclosed but that type of protection may be required depending on climate. Perhaps a convertible system where panels retract?
I happily commute by bike year round in Chicago, as do many other thousands of people that live in the city. It gets into the 90's in the summer, and well below freezing in the winter.
If it's hot I pack my work clothes and change (and shower if needed) at work.
If it's cold I dress warmly. It's amazing how quickly you warm up when pedaling more than a few miles.
If it's raining I wear a rain jacket, and the fenders on my bike keeps water from splashing up on me.
So no, weather is not an automatic fail. It's just a mindset change if you're used to be in the enclosed bubble that car provides.
So any bicycle or pedestrian friendly environment needs weather protection as part of its design. It does not need be fully enclosed but that type of protection may be required depending on climate. Perhaps a convertible system where panels retract?